Oscar Niemeyer, born as Oscar Ribeiro de Almeida Niemeyer Soares Filho, in Rio de Janeiro Brazil 1907 is an Brazilian architect known for creating the new capital “Brasilia” for Brazil.
He graduated from the Escola Nacional de Belas Artas in Rio de Janeiro in 1934, and in 1935 he joined the office of Le Corbusier on a new Ministry of Education and Health in Rio de Janeiro.
In 1956 Niemeyer was appointed architectural adviser to Nova Cap - an organization charged constructing Lucio Costa's plans for Brazil's new capital. 1957 he became its chief architect, designing most of the city's important buildings. Among them were the residence of the President (Palácio da Alvorada), the House of the deputy, the National Congress, the Cathedral of Brasília (a hyperboloid structure), diverse ministries, not to mention residential buildings.
Niemeyer continued to work on Brazilia until 1964 when his political affiliation with the communist party forced him into exile in France. In the late 1960s he resumed his career in Brazil, teaching at the University of Rio de Janeiro and working in private practice.
In 1988 Oscar Niemeyer was awarded the Pritzker Architecture Prize.
On Niemeyer's 100th birthday (2007), Russia's president Vladimir Putin awarded him the Order of Friendship.

Important Buildings:

Biblioteca Central da Universidade de Brasilia, Brazil
Biennial Pavilion Ibirapuera Park, São Paulo, Brazil
Brazilian Pavillon World Expo, New York
Casa das Canoas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (his former home)
Casa do Baile, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
Casino in Funchal, Madeira
Catedral Metropolitana deBrasilia, Brasilia, Brazil.
Catedral Militar, Igreja de N.S. da Paz, Brasilia, Brazil
Chapel of Our Lady of Fatima (Igreginha Nossa Senora Fatima, Brasilia, Brazil
Church of São Francisco, at Pampulha, Brazil
Cincert Hall, São Paulo, Brazil
Communist Party Headquarters, Paris, France
Cultural Center, Le Havre, France
Edifício Copan, São Paulo, Brazil
House of Oswald de Andrade,  São Paulo, Brazil
Interbau-Wohnhochhaus, Berlin, Germany
Itamaraty Palace, Brasilia, Brazil
Memorial da América Latina, São Paulo, Brazil 
Memorial dos Povos Indigenas ("Memorial for the Indigenous People"), Brasilia, Brazil
Memorial Juscelino Kubitschek, Brasilia, Brazil
Ministry of Education and Health (now the Palace of Culture), (with Le Corbusier, Lucio Costa, Jorge Machado Moreira and Afonso Eduardo Reidy) at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,
Mondadori Publishers Building, Segrate, Milano, Italy
Municipal-Theater, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
Museo Oscar Niemeyer, Curitiba, Brazil
Museu de Arte Contemporânea, Niterói, Brazil
Museu Oscar Niemeyer, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
National Congress, Brasilia, Brazil
National Library of Brazil, Brasilia, Brazil
National Museum of Brazil, Brasilia, Brazil
National Stadium, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
National Theatre: Teatro Nacional Claudio Santoro, Brasilia
Nationalhotel, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Palacio da Justica, Brasilia, Brazil
Palacio Alvorada, Brasilia, Brazil
Palacio Itamarati, Brasilia, Brazil
Palacio do Planalto, Brasilia, Brazil
Samba Stadium, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Sambódromo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Santuario Dom Bosco, Brasilia, Brazil
Sede Fata, Pianezza, Turin, Italy
Serpentine Gallery Pavilion 2003, London, Great Britain
Subremo Tribunal Federal, Supreme Court, Brasilia, Brazil
Panteo da Patria Tancredo Neves, Brasilia (Tancredo Neves Pantheon of Liberty and Democracy), Brasília, Brazil
United Nations Headquarters, with others, New York, New York
University of Constantine, Constantine, Algeria

Oscar Niemeyer, Avenida Atlantica 3940,
CEP 22070-002 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Tel: +55 21 5234890 - Fax: +55 21 267 6388
http://www.niemeyer.org.br